Na ngụkọta oge nke olu nke earthwork ogwugwu onu maka

Ngụkọta oge nke olu nke earthworks

Dee akụkụ mita

B - omimi nke ogwugwu onu
Y - na ogologo nke olulu
X - obosara nke olulu

Ewu earthworks - na-na-egwu ala ntọala olulu, igwu mmiri ma ọ bụ ọdọ mmiri, a trenchi maka kwurula mba ụlọ siwa, drainage usoro mmiri ma ọ bụ obi.
N'ịhazi ogwugwu onu dị ezigbo mkpa na-amata olu nke gwupụtatụrụla ala.
Ndị na-eri ogwugwu onu mejupụtara ogwugwu onu nke trenches na ma ọ bụ mwepụ nke ala. Ọ dị mkpa ka atụmatụ ije nke topsoil oyi akwa nke ụwa ga-eme n'ọdịnihu eme ihe ubi ma ọ bụ n'ogige. Infertility nke ala ji mee ihe maka leveling saịtị, nzaghachi eji ehi ura ntọala ma ọ bụ na-e oyi-saịtị. Ebe mwepụ nke ala kpebisiri ike n'ọdịnihu.

Ọzọkwa mara na ụgwọ maka igwu ala nke 1 cubic mita mgbe enwekwu na omimi nke na-arụ ọrụ. Ebe ọ bụ na price si n'elu na omimi nke 1 mita na 1 mita miri emi ma na ike ịdị iche iche ọbụna ugboro abụọ. N'ịga ala bụ mgbe a iche iche ihe nke mmefu. Ghara eweta unforeseen mmefu, ihe niile ikweta n'ọdịnihu na ngo.

Tụlee mee nke ogwugwu onu maka formwork mgbe agbapụtara ntọala.

Aka ma ọ bụ backhoe?
Onye ọ bụla n'ime ndị a na-eru nso ha uru na ọghọm.
Mgbe na-arụ ọrụ aka olulu nwere ike n'ụzọ ziri ezi karị.
Na ala-na-eri oru, na obere ichekwa ikpeazụ eri nke mmepụta site n'aka ogwugwu onu nwere ike ịbụ ihe na-erughị ịgbaziri ihe excavator na ndị ọzọ na ígwè. Mfe mejuputa akara nke na jiometrị nke olulu.
Otú ọ dị, ọ bụrụ na ịrịba ichekwa nke ala na-agba nke backhoe bụ mgbe enweta nkwanye. Na nke ọ bụla, mkpebi gị.

Usoro nke earthworks.
Okirikiri nhọrọ ukwuu nke olulu.
Mbụ mkpa ka ị akara a ebe ke olulu ma ọ bụ trenchi. Iji mee nke a, na n'ala mkpọ na a mkpa eriri na-egosi na n'ebe ọrụ. Ịchịkwa jiometrị tụrụ abụọ diagonals nke ga-eme n'ọdịnihu nke olulu - ha ga-dakọtara.

Otú ọ dị, nke a bụ ihe unprofessional ụzọ na adabara marking trenches ma ọ bụ dịtụ ewepụghị ala.

N'ihi na ihe ezi imewe earthworks ndị na-esonụ teknụzụ.
Mgbe ụfọdụ anya si chọrọ ogwugwu onu digged osisi na ogidi, na iche iche nke abụọ (castoffs). Ha eriri na osisi horizontally, nke sere na ụdọ. Mbadamba na-agbalị idozi otu larịị na onye ọ bụla ọzọ.
Site na-akpụ akpụ na ụdọ, nweta kpọmkwem na-akanye. Ndị a na-ajụ-offs n'ọdịnihu eji na kpọmkwem warara ntọala formwork.

Ukwuu mmemmem ọrụ larịị, theodolite, laser teepu ụfọdụ ma ọ bụ laser larịị.


Gwupụtara.
Na a na-adịghị ike ma ọ bụ ubi bukwanu omimi nke ogwugwu onu etinye uche pụrụ iche na nchekwa nke ogwugwu onu. Na nke a, mgbidi nke olulu-eme anaghị akwụ ọtọ, ma na a echiche ọjọọ - iji gbochie N'INYE nkọwa zuru ezu nke ala.

N'akụkụ na ala ala nke olulu larịị akara na okporo ígwè ezuwo.

Control jiometrị.
N'ihi na ezi ihe n'akuku nke 90 degrees na e nwere otu n'ikuku. Triangle na n'akụkụ 3:4:5 mita (ma ọ bụ na n'akụkụ na-multiples nke nọmba ndị a) nwere a 90 ogo n'akuku. Dina n'elu otu akụkụ nke n'akuku nke 3 mita, na ndị ọzọ - 4 na anya n'etiti ihe ga-kpọmkwem 5 mita.