Ukubalwa kwenani lezinto zesisekelo sekholomu

Ukubalwa kwenani lezinto zesisekelo sekholomu

Khetha umhlobo wesisekelo

Lokhu kungaba ziinsika ezinesisekelo esiyindilinga nofana esingunxande. Begodu ngengcenye eyinhloko eyindilinga nofana eyi-rectangle.

Sibawa utjengise ubukhulu ngamamilimitha

B - Ububanzi nofana ububanzi.
H - Ukuphakama kwengcenye ekulu.

A - Ukuphakama kwesisekelo sensika. Nangabe inqwaba ingenasisekelo, ungatjengisi ubukhulu obunjalo.
D - Ububanzi nofana ububanzi besisekelo.

D1 - Ubude besisekelo esingunxande.
B1 - Ububanzi beposi elingunxande.
Eengcenyeni eziyindilinga, ubukhulu lobu abufakiwe ekubalweni.

Ubukhulu besisekelo sekholomu

X - Ububanzi besisekelo.
Y - Ubude besisekelo.

X1 - Inani leensika ngobubanzi, kufaka hlangana iinsika emakhoneni.
Y1 - Inani leensika ngobude, kufaka hlangana iinsika emakhoneni.

S - Nayihlolwako, iinsika zizokubalwa ezihlukaniswe ngokulinganako ngaphasi kwendlu yoke. Nangabe akunjalo, khona-ke iinsika zizungeze umkhawulo wesisekelo kwaphela.

Ubukhulu be-grillage

E - Ububanzi be-grillage.
F - Ukuphakama kwe-grillage.
Nangabe ukubalwa kwe-monolithic grillage akutlhogeki, khona-ke ungatjengisi ubukhulu lobu.

I-armature

ARM1 - Inani lemigoqo yokuqinisa kukholomu eyodwa.
ARM2 - Inani lemigqa yokuqinisa emgqeni we-grillage.
ARMD - Ububanzi beensetjenziswa. Njalo itjengiswa ngamamilimitha.
Nangabe ukuqiniswa akutlhogeki, bese ubeka amanani ku- 0.

Tjengisa inani lesimende ukukhiqiza imitha eyi-cubic yekhonkrithi. Ngamakhilogremu.
Tjengisa amazinga wokwenza ukhonkolo, ngobunzima. Idatha le iyahluka kiyo yoke indaba.
Zithembele emhlobeni wesamende, ubukhulu belitje eliphukileko kanye nethekhnoloji yokwakha. Hlola nabathengisi bakho bezinto zokwakha.

Ukubala iindleko ezilinganiselweko zezinto zokwakha, tjengisa amanani wazo.

Njengomphumela, ihlelo lizokubala ngokuzenzakalelako:
Ibanga eliphakathi kweensika zesisekelo nenani lazo.
Ivolumu yekhonkrithi yensika eyodwa, ngokwehlukana engcenyeni ephezulu nephansi.
Inani lekhonkrithi ye-grillage.
Ubude nobunzima bemali edingekayo yokuqinisa.
Iindleko zezinto zokwakha zokwakha isisekelo sekholomu eline-monolithic nofana i-pile ene-grillage.
Imidwebo izokunikela umbono ovamileko begodu irhelebhe ekuklameni iinsekelo zeenqhema.


Ezindlini zokugezela nezindlu ezingenaphasi, izindlu ezinamaboda akhanyako kanye nezindlu zezitina, lapho kungabi ngcono ukusebenzisa isisekelo se-strip, isisekelo sekholomu sivame ukusetjenziswa. Ukubala kwayo kuthatha isikhathi esinengi, kodwana ngehlelo lethu ukubala angeze kwathatha isikhathi sakho esinengi. Okudingekako kukuzalisa iindawo ezifaneleko ngokuya kwemiyalo, begodu uzokufumana ilwazi ngezinto ezitlhogekako ekwakhiweni, thola inani lazo kanye neendleko ezipheleleko.

Ihlathululo emfitjhani

Isisekelo sekholomu sinefomu leensika, ezihlanganiswe ngokusebenzisa i-grillage. Iinsika lezi zitholakala emakhoneni wesakhiwo sesikhathi esizako, kanye nalapho kuhlangana khona amaboda, ngaphasi kwamaboda athwala umthwalo nofana anzima, imigoqo kanye nezakhiwo eziqakathekileko. Eendaweni lapho umthwalo uphezulu khulu. I-grillage isebenza ukuqinisa isisekelo sekholomu, begodu ibonakala njenge-lintel eqinisiweko hlangana neensika.

Lapho okungakafaneli usebenzise khona isisekelo sekholomu

Akukhuthazwa ukusebenzisa isisekelo esifana nekholomu lapho kunehlabathi ehambako nofana ebuthakathaka, njenge-peat nofana ihlabathi yobumba enemanzini. Akukafaneli usebenzise umhlobo lo wesisekelo eendaweni lapho kunomehluko omkhulu wokuphakama.

Iinzuzo

Isisekelo sekholomu sineenzuzo ezinengi ezenza bona sibe sisombululo esihle khulu sokwakha indlu yangasese. Itjhiphile ukudlula isisekelo se-strip nofana i-slab, izonga khulu malungana nokusetjenziswa kwezinto zokwakha kanye neendleko zokwakha kwayo, inikeza ukuncipha okuncani begodu ikuvumela bona wehlise indawo yoke yesisekelo.

Iinsetjenziswa

Ngokuya ngobunzima nenani lezitezi zendlu, izinto zokwenza isisekelo kufanele zikhethwe. Lokhu ngamatje, isitina, ukhonkolo kanye nosimende esiqinisiweko. Ngokuya ngomhlobo wepahla, ubukhulu obuncani besigaba seensika bukhethwa. Njeke, ngeensika zekhonkrithi ubukhulu besigaba akukafaneli bube ngaphasi kwama-400 mm, ekwakhiweni kwamatje akukafaneli kube ngaphasi kwama-600 mm, ekwakhiweni kwamatshe ngezitina 380 mm nangabe ingaphezulu kwezinga lomhlabathi, begodu ukusuka ku-250 mm nangabe kusetjenziswa ithekhnoloji yokubopha.

Ukwakhiwa kwesisekelo

Ngaphambi kokuthi kuthome ukwakha, kuyatlhogeka bona kutholakale ukutjhinga kokuqanda kwehlabathi, umhlobo nokubunjwa kwehlabathi ukwenzela bona kuthathwe esikhundleni sayo nangabe kuyatlhogeka, kanye nezinga lamanzi angaphasi komhlabathi ukubona isidingo sokukhipha amanzi nokuvikela amanzi. Ukwakhiwa kwesisekelo sekholomu kuragela phambili ngeengaba ezi-9 ezilandelanako.
1. Umsebenzi wokulungiselela, okungukuthi ukuhlanza indawo yokwakha.
2. Ukutshwaya isisekelo, lokha indawo yendawo nayitshwaywe ngokuya ngephrojekthi.
3. Ukumba imigodi.
4. Ukufakwa kwefomu yeensika.
5. Ukufakwa kweensetjenziswa.
6. Ukuthululwa kweensika.
7. Ukwenza i-grillage.
8. Ukwakhiwa okubizwa ngethango nofana udonga oluvimbelako hlangana neensika.
9. Iindlela zokuvikela amanzi wesisekelo.

Amaphuzu aqakathekileko

Nangabe indlu yakhiwa ehlabathini ephakemeko, khona-ke ukwakhiwa angeze kwahlehliswa. Nawutjhiya isisekelo esinganalitho ebusika, singakhubazeka.
Iinsekelo zekhonkrithi ezisanda kuthululwa kufanele zihlale amalanga ama-30. Akunconywa ukuzilayisha ngalesi sikhathi.
Ekukhiqizeni ikhonkrithi, i-M400 yezinga lesamente yiyo ehle khulu, begodu igraveli encani nesihlabathi esikhulu kusetjenziswa njengesigcwalisi.