Kaisa duglamni bagwi duglamni samungni volume lekhamani

Dugmani samungni kotorma lekhamani

Khapang srangwi meter bai phunukdi

B - khukni kwchakma
Y - duglamni kotorma
X - duglam kotorma

Swnammani samung wngkha fundamentni bagwi duglam duglam, twijlangni twijlang eba twijlangni duglam duglam, kamiyungni nokni bagwi sak sakni twijlangni twijlangni duglam duglam, twijlangni duglam eba twijlangni twijlangni duglam duglam.
Excavation samung khwlai phuru, ha ni volume no thik khe uansuknani belai nangkukgo.
Excavation samungni rang wngkha duglam eba twijlangno sak bai sak dugnani tei ha no swkaknani. Garden o teibo use khlainani bagwi ha ni sakani fertile layer no swlaiwi rwna bagwi plan khlaimani kaham. Hayungni wngwi manliya jagano level khlaina bagwi, fundamentno backfill khlaina bagwi, eba jagani phataro tubuna bagwi swnamjak. Hayung rwna bagwi jagarok swkangni simino thik khlaijak.

Tei kaisa kok no saimanna nangnai 1 cubic meter dugnani rang kwbangma jorao samung kwrak wngma bai khe kwbangma wngwi thango. So aboni ulo 1 meter ni simi tei 1 meter tei aboni swkang ni price nwi jora phano swlaiwi mano. Moving soil wngmani abobo kwbangma jorao kaisa swk kharchani manwi. Khatungya khe rang rwna bagwi, contractor bai swkangni simi jotono kok salai di.

Buphang snam phuru formwork snamna bagwi duglamni kotorma-o margin no uansukdi.

Yago eba duglam bai?
O approach ni khoroksa khoroksani pros tei cons tongo.
Manual khe samung tangphuru, duglam duglam no teibo kaham khe khlaiwi mano.
Kwbangma samung tangnairok tei kwbangma volume tongma bai, yak bai swnammani samungni paithago rang rwmani rang, excavator tei kubun khakchangma manwirok rent rwmani slai kwbang wngwi mano. Pit ni size tei geometry no control khwlaina bagwi belai kheno kwrak.
Tamokhe, kwbangma ha tei samungni speed bai, excavator kwbangma jorao thwngwi mano. Jesa phano wngthung, decision no nini yakni.

Duglamni samung tangnani lama.
Pit ni marking khaimani.
Puila nwng pit eba trench ni bagwi jaga no mark khwlai na nangnai. Aboni bagwino, pegs tei thẃi thẃi bai swngcharni saka-o samung tangmani jagano marking khlai-o. Geometry no nakarna bagwi, bwskangni duglamni khoroknwi diagonal no swngjak - bohrok kaisa khe tongna nangnai.

Tamokhe, omo kaisa professional wngya lama tei trench marking khlaina bagwi eba rangchakni rangchakni hani bagwi kaham.

Teibo thik khe design khwlaina bagwi, o technology no swnamjak.
Proposal khlaijak duglamni kiching kiching jagao, buphangni postrokno khoroknwi khoroknwi khe dugjak. (tongmung). Boardrokno bórokni saka-o kwrak khe tẃiwi rwjak, aboni saka-o cordrokno tẃiwi rwjak. Board rok no khoroksa tei khoroksa bai baksa level o secure khwlaina bagwi try khaidi.
Cord rokno swkakwi, thik khe markings wngwi mano. O cast-off rok no ulo strip ni fundament ni formwork no thik khe tonna bagwi bebaijago.

Kaisa level, theodolite, laser ni tape swngmani eba laser ni level ni samung no belai kheno kwrak khlaio.


Kaisa duglam dugmani.
Hayung kwrwi eba duglam duglam kwrak wngkhe, duglam duglam samungni safetyni bagwi khakchangma rwdi. O jorao, duglamni duglamrokno strictly vertical khe swnamjakya, phiya slope bai - ha thwiwi thangna bagwi.

Duglamni duglam tei duglamni duglamrokno kaisa level tei jora kwrwi batten bai control khlaijak.

Jiometri ni thani.
degree thik wngna bagwi kaisa trick tongo. Triangle bai bwkhak 3:4:5 mitar (eba side bai je o number ni kwbangma wngnai) degree ni kaisa angle tongo. Corner ni kaisa bwkhak 3 meter, tei kaisa bwkhak 4 meter rwdi, tei point ni bisingo 5 meter thik wngna nangnai.