Ukubala izinto iidonga zaphandle

ukubalwa eludongeni

Khankanya milinganiselo ngokweesentimitha

X - Ububanzi bodonga tywe
Z - Ubude eludongeni icala
Y - Ridge ukuphakama pediment
H - Ukuphakama udonga kwikona
F - Ridge sidewall ukuphakama
T - udonga nezinyuko

Le nkqubo iya kubala imali yokwakha izixhobo iidonga umphandle ngezitena, ibhloko, bar emile okanye isakhelo indlu.
Khankanya ukuphakama ummango lodonga tywe yobude mnye, ukuba ufuna iindonga kumgangatho omnye.